Different types of data are used in research, analysis, statistical analysis, data visualization, and data science. To choose a stratified sample, divide the population into groups called strata and then take a proportionate number from each stratum. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. When you have a numeric variable, you need to determine whether it is discrete or continuous. 2013 - 2023 Great Lakes E-Learning Services Pvt. What type of data is this? This data helps market researchers understand the customers tastes and then design their ideas and strategies accordingly. Nominal and ordinal data can act as both discrete and continuous. A soccer coach selects six players from a group of boys aged eight to ten, seven players from a group of boys aged 11 to 12, and three players from a group of boys aged 13 to 14 to form a recreational soccer team. In one study, eight 16 ounce cans were measured and produced the following amount (in ounces) of beverage: 15.8; 16.1; 15.2; 14.8; 15.8; 15.9; 16.0; 15.5. If you and your friends carry backpacks with books in them to school, the numbers of books in the backpacks are discrete data and the weights of the backpacks are continuous data. Nominal Data is used to label variables without any order or quantitative value. The data are the weights of backpacks with books in them. How to Calculate the Percentage of Marks? The data are continuous because the data can take Evaluate it on its merits and the work done. These data are used for observation like customer satisfaction, happiness, etc., but we cant do any arithmetical tasks on them. Press 5:randInt( and enter 1,6). 134.209.154.177 An administrative assistant is asked to stand in front of the library one Wednesday and to ask the first 100 undergraduate students he encounters what they paid for tuition the Fall semester. The numbers of books (three, four, two, and one) are the quantitative discrete data. Show More. state whether the data is continous or discrete The durations of The two-digit number 14 corresponds to Macierz, 05 corresponds to Cuningham, and 04 corresponds to Cuarismo. the distance it is from your home to the nearest grocery store. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. . Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. Which experiment had the correct results? Divide 84 a money box contains 1 coins, 2 coins, 5 coins and 10 coins 10 coins is four times the number of 1 coins. Types of soups, nuts, vegetables and desserts are qualitative data because they are categorical. Even if Doreen and Jung used the same sampling method, in all likelihood their samples would be different. 5 (2006). The duration of movies in minutes A.The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. A continuous data set because there are infinitely mamy possible values and those values cannot be counted. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. No. Students often ask if it is "good enough" to take a sample, instead of surveying the entire population. We might make different choices of what we think is the best graph depending on the data and the context. LBCC Distance Learning (DL) program data in 2010-2011. lastbaldeagle. Data is classified into 4 types. pair starts due east and then turns 50 toward north. The number of classes a student missed. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. The list of fruit is nominal. In each form of random sampling, each member of a population initially has an equal chance of being selected for the sample. Step One: Master the Foundational Knowledge. Do you think that either of these samples is representative of (or is characteristic of) the entire 10,000 part-time student population? D. The Because students can complete only a whole number of hours (no fractions of hours allowed), this data is quantitative discrete. The exact lengths (in kilometers) of the ocean coastlines of different countries is a continuous variable because it can take on any value in an interval. A statistics professor collects information about the classification of her students as freshmen, sophomores, juniors, or seniors. Ungrouped frequency distribution of discrete data is performed against a single value. Ans: Ducks in a pond are discrete data because the number of ducks is a finite number. The sample probably doesnt represent the entire fan base and is probably biased towards people who would prefer music. and it is subdivided into nominal and ordinal data. Variation is present in any set of data. It answers the questions like how much, how many, and how often. For example, the price of a phone, the computers ram, the height or weight of a person, etc., falls under quantitative data. Create a systematic sample of 12 quiz scores. A more technological way is for Lisa to first list the last names of the members of her class together with a two-digit number, as in Table \(\PageIndex{2}\): Lisa can use a table of random numbers (found in many statistics books and mathematical handbooks), a calculator, or a computer to generate random numbers. The colors red, black, black, green, and gray are qualitative data. Press ENTER. It is easy in many cases, discrete data is preceded by the number of, which makes the differentiation of results easier. where n is the number of tips in the phylogeny ( ) , P is the continuous trait value of each species, and Q is the expected value of each species given the continuous trait model calculated following Equation (11) of Beaulieu et al. Statistics is a quite tough subject but for those who know how to use their mind, its the best one for them as it involves more practical knowledge and conceptual learning. a. This data is so important for us that it becomes important to handle and store it properly, without any error. b. If you count the number of phone calls you receive for each day of the week, you might get values such as zero, one, two, or three. A completely random method is used to select 75 students. There are many different potential problems that can affect the reliability of a sample. Which is the safest route for the ship? A. A pie chart cannot be used. Show how you know. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Biased samples that are not representative of the population give results that are inaccurate and not valid. Our choice also depends on what we are using the data for. Determine whether the given value is from a discrete or continuous data set. The station uses convenience sampling and surveys the first 200 people they meet at one of the stations music concert events. Work collaboratively to determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative). Solution: - Data : The capacities of different hotels. And this is the reason why most students find it to be an interesting subject. Using a calculator, random numbers are generated and a student from a particular discipline is selected if he or she has a corresponding number. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. A medical researcher interviews every third cancer patient from a list of cancer patients at a local hospital. Determine whether the value is from a discrete or continuous It is from a discrete data set because the number of possible values is infinite and countable. OB. Divide into groups of two, three, or four. A discrete variable, on the other hand, can only take on specific values. Just know that you have prepared and worked hard for this. Pick three quiz scores randomly from each column. The tables display counts (frequencies) and percentages or proportions (relative frequencies). B. B. Create a simple random sample of 15 quiz scores. Question: State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. The road from A to E and the road from C and D are perpendicular and intersect at point F. Theresa's house is at C, 500 feet from the intersection. A high school principal polls 50 freshmen, 50 sophomores, 50 juniors, and 50 seniors regarding policy changes for after school activities. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. Any group of n individuals is equally likely to be chosen by any other group of n individuals if the simple random sampling technique is used. Difference Between Continuous and Discrete Data, Questions on Discrete Data Continuous Data. Causality: A relationship between two variables does not mean that one causes the other to occur. Which pair is farther from camp? Items a, e, f, k, and l are quantitative discrete; items d, j, and n are quantitative continuous; items b, c, g, h, i, and m are qualitative. Since this is the case, sampling without replacement is approximately the same as sampling with replacement because the chance of picking the same individual more than once with replacement is very low. Gathering information about an entire population often costs too much or is virtually impossible. For example, in the case of statistics, algebra is a good option to learn before starting your statistics course. Other well-known random sampling methods are the stratified sample, the cluster sample, and the systematic sample. Qualitative data tells about the perception of people. Suppose we take two different samples. answer below. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. Additional Resources The table displays Ethnicity of Students but is missing the "Other/Unknown" category. Data that can only take on certain values are discrete data. The numbers of hotels in cities Choose the correct answer below. Quantitative data, on the other hand, is one that contains numerical values and uses a scope. The continuous data can be broken down into fractions and decimals, i.e. This data helps a company analyze its business, design its strategies, and help build a successful data-driven decision-making process. Just as there is variation in data, there is variation in samples. 1.2.13 State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous and explain why.The times required by students to complete a statistics test Choose the correct answer below. These data take on only certain numerical values. Scott Keeter et al., Gauging the Impact of Growing Nonresponse on Estimates from a National RDD Telephone Survey, Public Opinion Quarterly 70 no. To determine the average cost of a two-day stay in a hospital in Massachusetts, survey 100 hospitals across the state using simple random sampling. The random numbers 0.94360 and 0.99832 do not contain appropriate two digit numbers. Step 2: Discrete and continuous data. What is the type of sampling in each case? LCM of 3 and 4, and How to Find Least Common Multiple, What is Simple Interest? Keep counting ten quiz scores and recording the quiz score until you have a sample of 12 quiz scores. Whether you are a data scientist, marketer, businessman, data analyst, researcher, or you are in any other profession, you need to play or experiment with raw or structured data. A variable is said to be continuous if it can take on any value in an interval. Most data can be put into the following categories: Qualitative data are the result of categorizing or describing attributes of a population. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why The speeds of the different people walking in a park Choose the correct answer below. categorical, quantitative discrete or quantitative continuous. However, in the real world age is often treated as a discrete variable because it makes more sense when collecting data and when reporting the results of a study. continuous, and explain why. four children shared a two third liter bottle of drink equal.how much did each child drink , two pairs of hikers leave the same camp heading in opposite divections. You cannot expect your brain to work nicely with hundreds of thoughts, it will only create a mess. The data are the areas of lawns in square feet. Be aware that many large samples are biased. the type of car you drive. OD. Indicate whether quantitative data are continuous or discrete. Doreen and Jung each take samples of 500 students. These kinds of data are also known as Numerical data. c. c . Legal. amount of money (in dollars) won playing poker, IQ scores (This may cause some discussion.). The key difference between discrete and continuous data is that discrete data contains the integer or whole number. Quantitative data, on the other hand, is one that contains numerical values and uses a scope. Tables are a good way of organizing and displaying data. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. Question: State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Discrete data: When numerical data has values that are countable and specific to a particular category, it is called discrete data. If these data-driven topics got you interested in pursuing professional courses or a career in the field of Data Science. Great Learning's Blog covers the latest developments and innovations in technology that can be leveraged to build rewarding careers. It is better for the person conducting the survey to select the sample respondents. Confounding makes it difficult or impossible to draw valid conclusions about the effect of each factor. Position 1 is less than the distance from G to H in Position 2. we conducted an additional simulated control chart analysis to determine whether detection of this normal . However, generally, we use age as a discrete, NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10. Discrete is data that can take only certain values. Ordinal data have natural ordering where a number is present in some kind of order by their position on the scale. For example, the sample may not be large enough. Now, suppose we take a third sample. ), Marital status (Single, Widowed, Married), When companies ask for feedback, experience, or satisfaction on a scale of 1 to 10, Letter grades in the exam (A, B, C, D, etc. It is not possible to measure qualitative data in terms of numbers and it is subdivided into nominal and ordinal data. OC. Why or why not? A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. For example, call-in surveys are invariably biased, because people choose to respond or not. Compare the fractions 999/10,000 and 999/9,999. Thats why it is also known as Categorical Data. O A. Continuous data are in the form of fractional numbers. Displaying percentages along with the numbers is often helpful, but it is particularly important when comparing sets of data that do not have the same totals, such as the total enrollments for both colleges in this example. State whether each situation is categorical or quantitative. If Doreen and Jung took larger samples (i.e. QUESTIONState whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. , i.e. The data are continuous because the data can take Work collaboratively to determine the correct data type (quantitative or qualitative). The students spend the following amounts: $180; $50; $150; $85; $260; $75; $180; $200; $200; $150. If there is a repeat press ENTER again. Press ENTER 15 times and record the numbers. Another example is learning how to use calculators. What can you conclude about the angles opposite these sides? The registrar at State University keeps records of the number of credit hours students complete each semester. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. The Pareto chart has the bars sorted from largest to smallest and is easier to read and interpret. y's house is at D, 750 feet from the intersection. Continuous information is information that falls into a continuous series. on any value in an interval . Also, in both cases, not all students have a chance to be in either sample. A high school educational researcher interviews 50 high school female teachers and 50 high school male teachers. All students in those two years are in the sample. Work more on basics as they form the basis for many other concepts. Over time, some continuous data can change. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. . Statistical data about spreading of the epidemic are known in discrete periods of time, for example twenty-four hours. Statistics and Probability questions and answers, CS State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. In other words, each sample of the same size has an equal chance of being selected. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. It is from a continuousdata set because 218+ Consultants 4.7 Satisfaction rate Record these numbers. A type of sampling that is non-random is convenience sampling. Statistics involves organizing, analyzing, interpreting, and representing data. You sample five students. b. It is understandable that it must be making you feel nervous right now but your emotions are valid! It can be the version of an android phone, the height of a person, the length of an object, etc. Many of these students are taking first term calculus in addition to the organic chemistry class. . Sleep deprivation is of no use, instead, you should take a nap to relax the nerves of your brain in order to learn and study later. To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. Instructions: Use the Random Number Generator to pick samples. A. The discrete data contain the values that fall under integers or whole numbers. For example, 16-ounce cans of beverage may contain more or less than 16 ounces of liquid. One student has a red backpack, two students have black backpacks, one student has a green backpack, and one student has a gray backpack. Opinion poll posted online at: www.youpolls.com/details.aspx?id=12328 (accessed May 1, 2013). A stated earlier, Lengths are in general, continuous variables. It is further classified as discrete data and continuous data. discrete because the data can only take on specific values . You sample five houses. 3. Misleading use of data: improperly displayed graphs, incomplete data, or lack of context. If you feel tired at the moment, even that too is fine. A sample of 100 undergraduate San Jose State students is taken by organizing the students names by classification (freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior), and then selecting 25 students from each. What are the career options in the field of Statistics? Quantitative data can be used for statistical manipulation. Again, you sample the same five students. The data are discrete because the data can take on any value in an interval. Here are a few steps to prepare well for your exam which has statistics as a part of the course. The quiz scores (20 of them) in these 2 columns are the cluster sample. By using simple random sampling, select states to be part of the cluster. These data can be represented on a wide variety of graphs and charts, such as bar graphs, histograms, scatter plots, boxplots, pie charts, line graphs, etc. One gym has 12 machines, one gym has 15 machines, one gym has ten machines, one gym has 22 machines, and the other gym has 20 machines. categorical, quantitative discrete or quantitative continuous. The continuous data can be broken down into. Age is discrete data because we could be infinitely precise and use an infinite number of decimal places, rendering age continuous as a result. It may take any numeric value, within a potential value range of finite or infinite. B. Read the study carefully to evaluate the work. A large ship is sailing between three small islands. A student interviews classmates in his algebra class to determine how many pairs of jeans a student owns, on the average. A study is done to determine the average tuition that San Jose State undergraduate students pay per semester. Quantitative data are the result of counting or measuring attributes of a population. In statistics, a sampling bias is created when a sample is collected from a population and some members of the population are not as likely to be chosen as others (remember, each member of the population should have an equally likely chance of being chosen). The data are the number of machines in a gym. As a class, determine whether or not the following samples are representative. Press ENTER. The results of convenience sampling may be very good in some cases and highly biased (favor certain outcomes) in others. A pollster interviews all human resource personnel in five different high tech companies. The data are the number of books students carry in their backpacks. Determine whether the data described below are qualitative or quantitative and explain why: . A. The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. Discrete Data Examples: The number of students in a class, the number of chocolates in a bag, the number of strings on the guitar, the number of fishes in the aquarium, etc. C. Qualitative or Categorical Data is data that cant be measured or counted in the form of numbers. In today's changing times, pursuing a career in this subject is known to provide some of the most sought professional options. If quantitative, state whether it's discrete or continuous. In a college population of 10,000 people, suppose you want to pick a sample of 1,000 randomly for a survey. Discrete vs continuous data are two broad categories of numeric variables. The triangles show the position of the gate in relation to its closed position. The data he collects are summarized in the histogram. A local radio station has a fan base of 20,000 listeners. a chemical reaction comma repeated several times Choose the correct O C. B.The data are discrete because the data can only take on specific values. All data that are the result of counting are called quantitative discrete data. Suppose Doreen and Jung both decide to study the average amount of time students at their college sleep each night. 2003-2023 Chegg Inc. All rights reserved. Blood type might be AB+, O-, or B+. What is the main difference between discrete and continuous data? Ltd. All rights reserved. (2012), D is the discrete character data, z is a particular character mapping, and are the parameters of the hOUwie model. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. Continuous data is the data that can be of any value. Height is continuous but we sometimes don't really worry too much about minor variations and club heights into a set of discrete data instead. For some students, it might feel difficult as it involves logical thinking and mathematics but its a great option for those who love solving and putting their minds all into logic. Can I get some help? If all the money in the 555, find the number of 10 coins in it 12. Each student in the following samples is asked how much tuition he or she paid for the Fall semester. The gender of a person, i.e., male, female, or others, is qualitative data. Create a cluster sample by considering each state as a stratum (group). the data can only take on specific values . Probably not. Quick Check Introduction to Data Science. The data are discrete because the data can . For any particular sample of 1,000, if you are sampling with replacement. Therefore this is discrete data. For this example, suppose Lisa chooses to generate random numbers from a calculator. B. O C. The data are continuous because the data can. Create a stratified sample by column. 1. For example, the number of desks in an office, the number of times a dice is rolled, the number of telephone calls received, etc. Grouped distribution of continuous data tabulation frequencies is performed against a value group. One-third of a number when decreased by 2 equals one-fifth of the nimenbe Find the number. QUESTIONState whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. On your calculator, press Math and arrow over to PRB. B. The bar graph is used to graphically represent discrete data. Asking all 10,000 students is an almost impossible task. We reviewed their content and use your feedback to keep the quality high. Books for these classes tend to be expensive. Therefore this is discrete data. feet, 160 sq. You will learn why when you study confidence intervals. Can we have both discrete data and continuous data from the same experiment? Each travels 2 miles, then changes direction and travels 1.2 miles. Excelling your basic knowledge about the subject promotes conceptual learning and hence, you can easily get familiar with new concepts too. There are no strict rules concerning which graphs to use. What type of data does this graph show? The action you just performed triggered the security solution. Collaborative Exercise 1.2. It is classified into two broad categories: qualitative data and quantitative data. Hint: Data that are discrete often start with the words "the number of." the number of pairs of shoes you own. Continuous data. State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why: . Record the quiz scores that correspond to these numbers. Those numbers picked from the first department, picked from the second department, and so on represent the members who make up the stratified sample. The data are because.continuous the data can take on any value in an interval B. O A. Sampling data should be done very carefully. Statistics and Probability questions and answers, state whether the data is continous or discrete The durations of . For accuracy, carry the decimal answers to four decimal places. Three cell phone towers form APQR. To choose a simple random sample from each department, number each member of the first department, number each member of the second department, and do the same for the remaining departments. They both did. Think about what contributes to making Doreens and Jungs samples different. O C. The data are continuous because the data can take on any value in an interval. From that number, count ten quiz scores and record that quiz score. 26. CS State whether the data described below are discrete or continuous, and explain why. Its really normal for you to feel anxious before your exam especially when the subject is statistics. Try to identify additional data sets in this example. The height of a student from age 5-15 is continuous data because the height varies continuously from age 5-15 which is not a constant for 10 years. Data may come from a population or from a sample. A sample that is not representative of the population is biased. In some situations, having small samples is unavoidable and can still be used to draw conclusions. For column 1, Press 5:randInt( and enter 1,10). However the third random number, 0.14669, contains 14 (the fourth random number also contains 14), the fifth random number contains 05, and the seventh random number contains 04. In the graph, the percentages add to more than 100% because students can be in more than one category. Notice that the frequencies do not add up to the total number of students. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. A random number generator is used to pick two of those years.